When choosing a programming language, there can be many factors that can influence your choice. For example, if a programming language uses lots of symbols and has a illogical structure and you are new to programming, more then likely you're not going to use that language.
Ease of learning
Ideally if the language is a very easy to learn, for a beginner they are more likely to learn this language other than a language that is really complex and has a . For example visual basics is easier to learn than something more complex like Java or C++. But after programming for a while, this becomes less of a factor due to learning other languages and understanding the complex structures.
Ease of understanding
Understanding a programming language can be either simple or complex. For example a procedural programming language which reads the code in steps/stages allowing you to write a logical code which will be a lot simpler to understand than a programming language that uses event driven programming language which uses lots of loops to check for active events.
Speed of development
Speed of development can be very important in choosing a programming language especially if you have a deadline. Different languages have different ways of writing the same or similar code, each one of these can vary in length, like if two different languages try making a graphical box with a input forum.
Fit for purpose
This is undoubtedly the main reason for choosing a programming language. Like, if you're wanting to make a event driven program, there is no reason to choose a program which is procedural based as this will be incompatible for what you are trying to make. If you are wanting to make a program which uses several different features like procedural, event driven and object orientated, you would use a programming language like java or C++ etc...
Compatibility
This is another important factor as depending on the platform you are wanting to program for decides what the list of languages you are able to use, if you are trying to design a program for a android device, you're not going to use a programming language like batch as it will be incompatible therefore making the code useless to the system it was designed for.
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